>Are CSIs civilians? Field investigators too? Or do they carry badges? Is the situation the same across states? A: In some states, the crime lab analysts are sworn law enforcement officers - in a word, badge-carrying, gun-totin' police officers. That's true in Oklahoma, for example, and I think also in Colorado. In Texas and California, most of the crime lab analysts are *not* sworn police officers - they're civilians, so no badges other than our ID cards. Regarding field investigations, we do occasionally do these. The ones I have participated in involved so-called clandestine laboratories - illegal drug manufacturing labs. Here in Texas, it's illegal to sell/buy most chemical glassware without a state permit, so the labs usually made do with equipment improvised from pyrex mixing bowls, measuring cups, hot plates, etc. In California I don't think they have that restriction, right? So the CSI types there could see more sophisticated setups that might look more like a traditional chemistry lab. Still, by and large the crooks are *not* chemists - the recipes and techniques are passed around via the prison and criminal underground, so generally they don't really have any grasp of the science. (That's not always true - there was a case of a self-educated chemist in the Midwest that was making fentanyl in an old abandoned ICBM missile silo. He had to have quite a sophisticated setup, since the drug is some 10x stronger than heroin - fatal in sub-milligram amounts, and this guy was making kilograms of the stuff!) Their lack of knowledge is the reason a fair number of clandestine chemists end up dead; the ones that live often come down with strange cancers later in their lives. One common method for making methamphetamine uses red phosphorus - but a small change in the reaction conditions can also produce the deadly gas phosphine. There are books available that supposedly show you how to synthesize nerve gases - but *I* sure wouldn't want to try it in a clandestine lab setting - nor even in a well-equipped lab with fully functional fume hoods! CSI是平民亦或也有调查员的身分？他们也佩带警徽吗？全美是否都相同？ 在某些州如奥克拉荷马，CSI是有宣示过的执法人员，换句话说就是有警徽， 有配枪的警员。我想科罗拉多州也是这样。以德州以及加州来讲，大部分的 分析员都不是值法人员而是平民，所以他们没有警徽，也使用不同的识别证。 关於犯罪现场的调查，我们有时也会参与。我有参加过调查地下制毒厂的工作， 在德州，大部分化学器皿的买卖是需要核准证的，所以大部分的的制毒厂是 将就的使用派热克斯玻璃制的混合皿、量杯、炉子这类的器材。加州并没有 这项规定，所以当地的CSI可以看见较复杂，接近传统化学实验室的制毒厂。 虽然如此，大部分的药头并不是化学家，他们的配方还有炼制技巧是从地下 或是监狱中学来的，所以他们其实对科学一窍不通。〈还是有例外的。曾经 有一个自修的化学家在中西部的一个废弃洲际飞弹发射井炼制芬太奴。我们 知道他的设备很不错，因为他炼出来的毒品比古柯硷还强十倍，不用一毫克 就可以致命了。而这家伙炼的量是以公斤来算的！〉 知识的缺乏造成大部份这些地下化学家的死亡，而活下来的也常被检查出患 有怪异的癌症。 常见的脱氧麻黄硷炼制方法之一是使用红磷，但化学反应过程中，只要环境 有少量的变化，它会产生致命的磷化氢气体。可能市面上有书可以教你合成 神经毒气，但我绝对不会想在地下工厂制作它；就算是配备完整，有排气柜 的实验室也一样！ --

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