原文 http://www.newyorkblade.com/2006/4-17/viewpoint/opinion/authentic.cfm 有人替两部作品做了一个连结的分析~~ 以下为尝试翻译,有错请强者们多多指教或请再深入介绍一下,thx~! The Authentic Life It thrived at Walden Pond, not ‘Brokeback Mountain’ 真正的生活 在瓦尔登湖而非断背山滋长 By PAULINE PARK Monday, April 17, 2006 Henry David Thoreau might well have been thinking of Ennis Del Mar and Jack Twist when he wrote that "the mass of men lead lives of quiet desperation." While Thoreau’s "Walden" long predates Annie Proulx’s "Brokeback Mountain" short story and the Ang Lee film based on it, the transcendentalist philosopher’s magnum opus remains as relevant today as was published in 1854. 当梭罗写出"多数人一生中都隐忍着绝望的折磨"这句子时，他很可能正在想着 Ennis Del Mar和Jack Twist。即使梭罗的《湖滨散记》问世时比李安根据 Annie Proulx的《断背山》小说拍的电影早得多，这位超越/超验主义哲学家思 考的法则，从1854年到现在，仍然行得通。 Much of the comment about the film, just released on DVD, has focused on its transgressive love story. But if "Brokeback" speaks powerfully to gay and non-gay audiences alike, it is because the film not only articulates the tragedy of true love constrained and ultimately defeated by homophobia, but also speaks to the tragedy of life not truly lived. 这部电影刚出DVD。大部份评论都着重在 — 这是个踰越礼教的爱情故事。但《 断》片对同志或非同志观众一样有吸引力，这是因为本片不仅细腻表现出真爱在 恐同心态下的压抑、最终的挫败，同时也反映了何谓活在悲剧中。 Thoreau could have been describing the "Brokeback" Wyoming of the 1960s when he wrote, "The surface of the earth is soft and impressible by the feet of men; and so with the paths which the mind travels. How worn and dusty, then, must be the highways of the world, how deep the ruts of tradition and conformity!" 当梭罗写下这个句子时，可能就是在写1960年代怀俄明州的断背山︰"思绪蜿蜒 ，如飞鸿踏雪泥。而公路上却风尘仆仆，深刻着传统、如出一辙！" Jack attempts to persuade Ennis to climb out of the rut of heteronormative expectations in rural Wyoming, but Ennis is traumatized by a childhood episode in which his father took him and his brother to see a dead gay man who was tortured and beaten to death for having the temerity to live openly with another man. Jack试图劝Ennis爬出怀俄明州异性关系的常规，但是Ennis儿时的创伤还在 — 他父亲带他和哥哥去看一个死同性恋 — 胆敢公开跟另一个男人住在一起 — 是 被折磨痛打到死的。 So Ennis’ fear of violence is a realistic one. But in choosing to live his life from a script written by someone else, Ennis is false to himself and to everyone else—and above all, to the one person who loves him for who he truly is. In their final encounter, Jack confronts Ennis with the desperately sad truth that they have wasted their lives in outward conformity and secret transgression. Ennis has settled for mere existence, wasting years in a loveless marriage, unable to overcome his fears. The price of outward conformity to a rigid code of heteronormativity is a slow inward death for both of them. 所以Ennis自然会对暴力恐惧。但选择照别人的剧本过自己的生活，Ennis对自己 和所有人都不诚实 — 连对那爱真正的他的人都是。在他们最後一次见面，Jack 对Ennis挑明了悲惨绝望的事实 — 他们浪费生命在看似妥协实而表里不一的生 活。Ennis只是活着，虚度年复一年无爱的婚姻，却不敢克服恐惧。对异性关系 严厉规范的让步，代价是两人心蚀，慢慢死去。 CANONICAL PHILOSOPHY may have little appeal to most people, whether LGBT or otherwise. But at its most practical, philosophy poses basic questions that we all face as human beings: What is life and how shall we live it? In "Walden," Thoreau offers this answer: "I did not wish to take a cabin passage, but rather to go before the mast and on the deck of the world, for there I could best see the moonlight amid the mountains. I do not wish to go below now." 经典哲学对多数人可能有些吸引力，不论是不是LGBT(应翻成？@@)。但最现实地 来说，哲学丢出我们身为人该面对的基本问题:何谓生活？该怎麽活？在《湖滨 散记》中，梭罗给了这样的答案︰"我从来就不想留在船舱里，只希望到桅杆前； 因为这样我才能看到山里的月光。我不想走到甲板下的世界。" What is that "moonlight amid the mountains" of which Thoreau speaks? It is the sheer exhilaration of the authentic life lived fully in the integrity of one’s own truest self. Ennis and Jack glimpse the literal moonlight amid the mountains when they live on Brokeback and later return to it on their periodic "fishing trips." But only Jack can see the metaphorical moonlight of the authentic life that offers itself to them before they descend from the mountain into the dreary desperation of straight conformity and loveless marriage. Thoreau could well have been describing Jack in the passage in "Walden" in which he famously declared: "If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer." 梭罗"山里的月光"是指什麽呢？那是活在最完整真实的自我下纯粹的快活。 Ennis和Jack住在断背山上时，或照惯例的钓鱼行中，都可以瞥见赤裸裸的月光 。但在下山前，就要回到令人沮丧至快要发疯的直系妥协和无爱婚姻了，只有 Jack可以看出真实生活中的月光带给他们慰藉。《湖滨散记》中的名句可能就是 在描写Jack︰"若一个人跟不上同伴的拍子，也许是因为他听到了别的鼓点。" The authentic life is there for the living, and the deepest tragedy of "Brokeback Mountain" is Ennis’s refusal to accept Jack’s invitation to live it. Regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity, anyone seeking to live an authentic life need look no further than the conclusion from "Walden" for guidance: 《断背山》最悲哀的，莫过於Ennis拒绝Jack邀约去活出真正的生活。撇开性取 向或性别认同，任何想要活出真正生活的，不必看太远，《湖滨散记》里有写︰ "I learned this, at least, by my experiment: that if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which he has imagined, he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours. He will put some things behind, will pass an invisible boundary; new, universal, and more liberal laws will begin to establish themselves around and within him; or the old laws be expanded, and interpreted in his favor in a more liberal sense, and he will live with the license of a higher order of beings. In proportion as he simplifies his life, the laws of the universe will appear less complex, and solitude will not be solitude, nor poverty poverty, nor weakness weakness. If you have built castles in the air, your work need not be lost; that is where they should be. Now put the foundations under them." "至少我从经验里学到了︰一个人若自信满满向梦想前进，努力去活出理想生活 ，成功将不期而遇。他会将琐事抛在脑後，穿越无形障碍；崭新、万能、更自由 的规则将依他而设；否则旧规则将恣意地扩张，而他只会更加困活着。当他将生 活简化，宇宙法则变得不复杂，孤寂不再是孤寂，贫困不再是贫困，而脆弱亦然 。如果你只是做白日梦盖空中楼阁，别担心失去的问题；本来就该失去的。替它 们打个桩吧。" Pauline Park is a member of the Philosophy Forum, a discussion group that meets the second and fourth Sat of each month at The LGBT Center, 208 W 13th St. She can be reached at [email protected]. 感想︰烟火戏里面"团结就是力量"的乐队演奏，现在听了更有感觉~~~ 《湖滨散记》某个电子书版本及照片 http://staff.whsh.tc.edu.tw/~huanyin/mofa_Thoreau.php 《认识美国》网站的梭罗介绍 http://usinfo.org/chinese_cd/literature/BIG5/chapter4.htm -- 顺便广告一下新做的bbm mv ~The Point Of No Return :p https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BMFGnHcBJNg mpg档下载处︰ http://rapidshare.de/users/X2M48L --

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